In 2022, the Russian Federation commenced development of a national system for permafrost monitoring. The conceptual design of this system reflects three objectives: (1) to collect data on the impact of climate change on permafrost, (2) to provide data for evaluation of climate–permafrost feedback, and (3) to provide input to a model-based permafrost data assimilation system. It is intended that the system will eventually consist of 30 active layer monitoring sites and 140 boreholes situated near existing weather stations.